Chip Seal

In Quebec, chip seal is used primarily as a low cost surfacing for secondary gravel roads. Double surfacing, which is the most popular, consists of two successive coats of bitumen emulsion and stone that are spread and compacted with specialized equipment to produce a thin and waterproof surface. The degree of roughness of the surface depends of the choice of stone size used in the treatment.

 As well, this procedure can be used as a single treatment, such as a maintenance coat on existing pavement in order to render it waterproof, and also as to produce a new roughness of the surface.